In the state of New Mexico, the standard employment relationship is governed by the legal doctrine of “at-will” employment. This means that either the employer or the employee can terminate the employment relationship at any time, for any reason, or for no reason at all, provided the reason is not illegal. For example, an employer can dismiss a worker without warning or cause (unless a contract dictates otherwise), and an employee can quit a job without providing notice. There are some exceptions, such as terminations based on discriminatory practices related to protected characteristics like race, religion, or gender.
This system provides flexibility for both employers and employees. Businesses can quickly adapt to changing economic conditions or adjust their workforce based on performance or project needs. Workers, in turn, are free to pursue other opportunities without being bound to a particular employer. The historical context of this doctrine stems from the common law principle of freedom of contract, prioritizing the autonomy of both parties in the employment relationship. While offering flexibility, it also emphasizes the importance of clear communication and professional conduct in the workplace.
